Muffler



Hue-5s as:

P. H. GASKINS MUFFLER Oct. 21, 1924. 1,512,210

Filed Nov. 10. 1921 Patented Oct. 21, 1924.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

PALEION H. GAME, JACKSONVILLE, FLORIDA.

MUFFLER.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known thatI, Pnnmron H. GASKINS, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Jacksonville, in the county of Duval and State of Florida, have made certain new and useful Improvements in Mufilers, of which the following is a specification.

The present invention relates to an imrovement in mufllers or silencers for use in internal combustion en 'nes.

The object of the invention is to provide a muflier of this character which is of simple and durable construction, reliable and .eflicient in operation and easy and com- 1 paratively inexpensive to manufacture, and wherein there is provided a cut-out for automatically relieving the mufiler of excessive pressure and the engine of excessive back presure, the cut-out bein of such :2 nature and so organized that t e mufiler has to provide a direct and unobstructed 4 passage for the'gases from the engine to the atmosphere when it is 0 en and yet at the same time to discharge t ese gases clear of the body of the vehicle, and not under the same and in such manner as not to cause disa ble and undesirable noise, whereby t e liabilit of them gases discoloring e vehicle and of detracting and in'unng so from e comfortable and agreeable ualities thereof, if it be apleasure vehi e, is-

precluded.

Other objects and advantages of the 1nvention reside in certain novel features of ao construction, combination and arrangement of arts, which will be hereinafter more in y described, and articularly pointed out in the appended c aim, referleads from the internal combustion engine. A mufiler designated generally at 11 is carried by brackets 12, which depend from the body 13 of the vehicle and is connected with the exhaust pipe in a manner which will presently appear.

The mufller comprises a pair of heads 15 between which a cylindrical casing 16 extends. The casing 16 is preferably constructed of metal and is imperforate and its ends are connected with the heads 15 in such manner as to provide a gastight joint between the heads and the casing. Within the casing 16 a plurality of perforated drums indicated at 17 and 18 are arranged in spaced concentric relation with relation to the casing. These drums define annular expansion chambers 19 and 20 and the inner drum 18 communicates at one end with the exhaust pipe 10, which leads into an opening provided therefor in one of the heads 15, and which is loo-axial with the inner drum 18.

An annular flange 21 is integrally formed with the head 15 and receives the end of the exhaust pipe 10, a set screw 22 being carried by the flange and engaging the exhaust pipe to secure it in position.

Tie rods 23 having nuts 24 threaded thereon coact with the arms 12 of the brackets 12, and with the heads 15 of the mufller to secure the mufller in position, and also to secure the heads to the casing and to the drums, if this latter be desired.

A tail pipe designated at 25 is provided, and is associated with the mufller by means of a connection designated generally at 26. The connection 26 is formed with a passage 27 leading from the tail pipe 25 to the inner drum 18 of the muffler, and it is also formed with a second passage 28 which leads from the tail pipe 25 to the outer expansion chamber 20, that is, to the space between the outermost drum 17 and the casing 16. The passage 27 is provided with a valve seat 27 which may be constituted by the end of the inner drum 18 of the .mufiler by projecting this end of the mufiler into the passage 27. A valve 30 is arranged to coact with this valve seat, and for this purpose it is fixed on a pivot pin 31 rotatably mounted coact with in suitable bearin 3 :provided therefor in the expansion chamber 20 and flow through the connection, where y the valve 30 is'mounted passage 28 which is enlarged to form another for swingin movement and is adapted to expansion chamber and finally they travel e valve seat 27 a or to be swung through the tail pipe 25 to the atmosphere. awfiy from the same. at high speeds and at such times as a high cans is provided for normally maintaindegree of power is required of the engine, ing the valve 30 in en agement with the the exhaust gases are delivered to the mufiler valve seat 27 to constrain the gases to ass in such quantity and in such manner that the to the expahsion chambers in the in ers pressure in the mufller becomes excessive. and flow out of the mufller throu h the pas- This tends to create an excessive back pressage 28 into the tail pipe. 's means sure to the engine and at the very time it is preferably comprises an operating arm 32 desirable to have as little back pressure as fixed to the pivot pin- 31 exteriorly of the possible. With the present invention when connection 26 and secured to one end of a this condition obtains, the valve 30 is swung retractile coil spring 33, the other end of from its seat 27, thus afi'ording direct, free which is secured to the tail pipe or to other and unobstructed communication between stationary structure. the inner drum 18 and the tail pipe 25, and The retractile coil spring 33 is tensioned allowing the exhaust gases to pass directly to exert a pull upon the operating arm so from the engine to the atmosp ere without as to urge the valve 30 up against the seat constraining these gases to travel through 27 and shut oflf communication between the the various expansion chambers of t e inner drum 18 and the passage 27. mufller. At the same time, however, these The tension of the spring 33 is sufiicient gases travel through tail pipe to the atmosto maintain the valve 30 closed until the phere so as to be discharged clear of the body pressure in the mufiler reaches a predeterof the vehicle, and not to be discharged bemined point. At this time the spring. is exneath the same so as to be liable to inflict intended to permit the valve 30 to swing down jury thereto and to produce disagreeable and away from the valve seat 27 thus opening undesirable noise. In this connection it is the assage 27 to permit the gases to flow dito be noted that even when the valve 30 is rect and unobstructedly through the opened or away from its seat 27 the exhaust mu er to the tail pipe, and thence to the atgases while having a direct and unobstructed mosphere. This tension is such as to repassage to the atmosphere are not discharged lieve the mufiier of excessive pressures and beneath the car but are delivered to the tail also to relieve'the engine of excessive back pipe and dischar ed clear of the car. This pressure. prevents noise irectly beneath the floor Operatin means is provided for swingboards of the car which is one of the most ing the va ve 30 away from the seat 27 serious obi'ections to the mufliers now emagainst the tension of the spring 33, at any ployed.

36 connected with the arm 32 and extending cord 36 ispulled, to swing t e valve 30, so to the dash of the vehicle or to other point ,as to permit the drum 18 to discharge directof convenient control, 1y into the passage 2? and consequently di- The valve 30 may be readily assembled rectly into the tailpipe 25. with the connection by inserting it up I 01311112 throu h the passage 28, which has a sufii- In a device of the character descr bed, an cient ateral extent to permit of this operaexhaust pipe, a mnflier comprismg an imtion. The valve is then held in position on perforate cylindrical casing and a plurality its valve seat 27, and the pivot pin 31 is inof perforated drums arranged in spaced conserted through its hearings or journals in centric relation withsaid casing and definthe connection and through the opening proing a series of expansion chambers, the inner vided ther fo i the valve 30, of said drums being connected with the ex- It is to be noted that the drum 18 afi'ords haust plpe, a tail pipe, a connection between a direct passage through the mufiler when said tail pipe and said mufller having a pas-' the valve 30 is swung away from the seat sage leading to the expansion chamber de 27 and also that the expansion chambers fined by the outermost of said perforated 19 and 20 are in series with each other and drums, and said casing, and a passage leadin series with the passage 28 of the connecing to the innermost of said drums, said last tion 26, mentioned passage having a cross sectional In operation, when the engine is running area substantially coextensive with the cross under normal conditions and at ordinary sectional area of said innermost drum,avalve speeds the exhaust gases flow through the seat around one end of the innermost drum exhaust pi 10 and into the inner drum 18 and in said passage leading to the innermost of the ma er. From this inner drum they of said drums, an imperiorate pivoted are expanded radially through the various plate valve arranged in said connection and expansion chambers 19 and 20 and from the adapted to cooperate with said valve seat.

f at any time it is desirable to time, and may comprise an operating cord manually open the cut-out 30,1the operating we vet-Eve having an area exposai Within the innermost drum equai to the cross sectionsl area. of said innermost drum, spring means fer normally maintaining said vaive against said Valve seat to shut off cemmumcation between the innermost drum 0f the mufiier and the tail pipe, and adapted to permit saiti vaive to move so as to afford communicetion between said innermost drum and said tail pipe when the pressure in said muifler exceeds a predetermined point, and manually operated means for moving said valve against the action of said 5 ring.

PALEMON H. GA KINS. 

